EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL, CYTOTOXIC AND PHYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF RIBES HIMALENSE DECNE. COLLECTED FROM THANDIANI, ABBOTTABAD, PAKISTAN

Abstract

A comprehensive study was carried out to demonstrate the antibacterial, cytotoxic and phytotoxic potentials of Ribes himalense Decne. collected from Thandiani, Pakistan. Ethanolic extract from the leaves inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus mutans and Bacillus subtilis, with inhibition zones from 14 to 17 mm.  Similarly, the stem extract showed inhibition against the same bacterial strains with inhibition zone between 13 and 18 mm. Phytotoxic studies revealed that leaf extract of 10 μL, caused no growth inhibition, while stem extract showed 10% growth inhibition. Growth inhibition reached 70% for leaves and 100% for stem at 1000 μL. Cytotoxic analysis using lethality of brine shrimp larvae showed that stem extract was more potent than leaf extract at 2000 μg/mL concentration and below, and the cytotoxicity was 90%. Statistical analysis (ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05) confirmed the influence of extract type and concentration across assays. The extracts of R. himalense exhibited significant antibacterial, cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities, which highlight its potential as a source of bioactive compounds for pharmaceuticals applications.